Allergies vs. Cold vs. Flu
Not sure if you have allergies, a cold or the flu? Learn the key differences between symptoms and when it may be time to seek medical care.
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Allergies vs. cold vs. flu: How can you tell what is causing your symptoms? When fall arrives, so does the start of cold and flu season for many families. At the same time, seasonal allergies can cause sneezing, congestion, coughing and other symptoms that can look a lot like a cold.
Although allergies, the common cold and the flu can share some symptoms, there are important differences. Knowing what to look for can help you better understand your symptoms and know when to contact a healthcare provider.
Seasonal allergies occur when your immune system reacts to allergens in the environment. Fall allergens can include pollen and mold, which may trigger symptoms in people with seasonal allergies.
Common allergy symptoms include:
One of the biggest clues that symptoms may be caused by allergies is itchiness, especially itchy or watery eyes. Allergy symptoms can also continue for an extended period while you are exposed to an allergen.
Unlike a cold or the flu, allergies are not caused by a virus and are not contagious.
The common cold is a viral infection that affects the upper respiratory tract. More than 200 viruses can cause a cold, with rhinoviruses being the most common cause.
Common cold symptoms include:
Cold symptoms often develop gradually and are generally milder than flu symptoms. Many people begin feeling better within several days, although some symptoms, particularly coughing or congestion, can last longer.
Influenza, commonly called the flu, is a contagious respiratory illness caused by influenza viruses. Compared with a common cold, flu symptoms often appear more suddenly and can be more intense.
Common flu symptoms include:
Some children with the flu may also experience vomiting or diarrhea. It's also important to remember that not everyone with the flu has a fever.
If you suddenly develop significant fatigue, body aches, chills and a cough, the flu may be more likely than a typical cold. However, symptoms can overlap, so symptoms alone cannot always determine which illness you have.
Another difference between allergies, a cold and the flu is how long symptoms may stick around.
Allergies: Symptoms can continue as long as you are exposed to the allergen.
Common cold: Cold symptoms typically develop gradually and often improve within several days, although some symptoms can last longer.
Flu: Flu symptoms often begin suddenly. Most people recover within several days to less than two weeks, although fatigue and other symptoms can sometimes last longer.
If symptoms are not improving, become more severe or improve and then suddenly get worse, it may be time to contact a healthcare provider.
Many mild cold and flu symptoms can be managed at home with rest, fluids and other supportive care. However, some symptoms require medical attention.Contact a healthcare provider if you have symptoms that are severe, worsening or concerning. You should seek immediate medical attention for emergency warning signs such as difficulty breathing, persistent chest pain or pressure, confusion, severe weakness or other serious symptoms. People who are at higher risk for complications from influenza should also contact their healthcare provider promptly if they develop flu symptoms. Early treatment may be recommended for some people.
While you cannot prevent every illness, simple steps can help reduce your risk of getting sick during cold and flu season.
Knowing the difference between allergies vs. cold vs. flu can help you better understand your symptoms, but you don't have to figure everything out on your own. If you are unsure about your symptoms, they are getting worse or you are concerned about your health, talk with a healthcare professional.
From seasonal illnesses and allergies to everyday healthcare needs, Citizens Medical Center and Citizens Rural Clinic are here to help care for you and your family throughout the year.
7939 US Highway 165, Columbia, LA 71418
(318) 649-6106
